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Complement (C3) binding to platelets in autoimmune thrombocytopenia.

L M Kernoff, E Malan

    Clinical and Laboratory Haematology
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Complement C3 binding to platelets is common in idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP) and correlates with platelet-bound IgG, suggesting a role in the disease process.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Hematology
    • Pathophysiology

    Background:

    • Conflicting reports exist regarding complement binding to platelets in idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP).
    • Platelet-bound immunoglobulin G (IgG) is often elevated in AITP patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the occurrence and significance of complement C3 binding to platelets in AITP.
    • To determine the relationship between platelet-bound C3 and platelet-bound IgG in AITP.

    Main Methods:

    • Quantitative antiglobulin consumption technique was used to measure platelet-bound C3.
    • Antibody eluates from AITP platelets were used to assess C3 fixation on normal platelets in vitro.

    Main Results:

    • Abnormally large amounts of C3 were found fixed to platelets in 38 out of 42 AITP patients.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • A significant positive correlation was observed between platelet-bound IgG and C3 levels.
  • Antibody eluates from AITP platelets induced C3 fixation on normal platelets.

    • Conclusions:

    • Complement C3 binding to platelets is a frequent finding in AITP.
    • C3 fixation in AITP is strongly associated with the presence of platelet-bound IgG.
    • These findings suggest that C3 binding is specifically related to the pathogenesis of AITP.