Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2026

Measurement of Basal and Forskolin-stimulated Lipolysis in Inguinal Adipose Fat Pads
07:59

Measurement of Basal and Forskolin-stimulated Lipolysis in Inguinal Adipose Fat Pads

Published on: July 21, 2017

Forskolin as a probe of adenylate cyclase of adipocytes

R J Ho, Q H Shi

    Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed

    Insights

    Forskolin and Gpp(NH)p reveal complex activation of adenylate cyclase. Findings suggest multiple regulatory and catalytic forms of this crucial enzyme, impacting cellular signaling pathways.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Cellular Signaling

    Background:

    • Adenylate cyclase is a key enzyme in cellular signal transduction.
    • Understanding its regulation by receptors and activators is crucial for cell physiology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between agonist receptors and adenylate cyclase components.
    • To explore the activation mechanisms of adenylate cyclase using forskolin and other activators.

    Main Methods:

    • Application of forskolin in combination with various adenylate cyclase activators.
    • Enzyme activity assays on membrane-bound and solubilized adipocyte preparations (rat and rabbit).
    • Investigation of conditions for maximal adenylate cyclase activation.

    Main Results:

    • Forskolin alone does not fully activate adipocyte adenylate cyclase; Gpp(NH)p further enhances stimulation.
    • Gpp(NH)p's effect on membrane-bound adenylate cyclase varies between rat and rabbit species and preparation types.
    • Gpp(NH)p and NaF, both activators, exhibit mutual antagonism.

    Conclusions:

    • Adipocyte adenylate cyclase exhibits complex activation patterns.
    • Evidence suggests the existence of multiple activatable forms of both catalytic and regulatory components of adenylate cyclase.

    More Related Videos

    Measuring the Rate of Lipolysis in Ex Vivo Murine Adipose Tissue and Primary Preadipocytes Differentiated In Vitro09:41

    Measuring the Rate of Lipolysis in Ex Vivo Murine Adipose Tissue and Primary Preadipocytes Differentiated In Vitro

    Published on: March 17, 2023

    Real-Time cAMP Dynamics in Live Cells Using the Fluorescent cAMP Difference Detector In Situ06:03

    Real-Time cAMP Dynamics in Live Cells Using the Fluorescent cAMP Difference Detector In Situ

    Published on: March 22, 2024

    Related Concept Videos

    GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

    GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

    Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
    Two...
    cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

    cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

    Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...