Rapid reorganization of the axonal cytoskeleton induced by a gamma diketone

Microtubules and neurofilaments are the major components of nerve fiber axoplasm and are evenly distributed longitudinally. Rearrangement of this distribution can be induced by a number of chemicals, including 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD). Utilizing 2,5-HD, this study explores the earliest time points of observable rearrangement of the cytoskeletal elements. Intrafascicular injections into the sciatic nerve shows central accumulation of microtubules and peripheral relocation of neurofilaments within 1 min of injection, suggesting a direct effect of the toxin on these components.