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Citrinin mycotoxicosis in the rabbit.

C Hanika, W W Carlton, J Tuite

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

|August 1, 1983

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Citrinin toxicity in rabbits shows a 72-hr LD50 of 50 mg/kg (intraperitoneal) and 134 mg/kg (oral). Kidney damage, including tubular necrosis and regeneration, was observed following citrinin exposure.

Area of Science:

Toxicology
Nephrology
Pharmacology

Background:

Citrinin is a mycotoxin with known nephrotoxic potential.
Understanding its toxicity profile is crucial for risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the lethal dose 50 (LD50) of citrinin in rabbits via oral and intraperitoneal routes.
To characterize the clinical signs and pathological alterations induced by citrinin exposure.

Main Methods:

Three trials involving single or multiple doses of citrinin administered to rabbits.
Oral and intraperitoneal routes of administration were used.
LD50 determination, clinical sign observation, and histopathological examination of kidneys.

Main Results:

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The 72-hr LD50 was 50 mg/kg (intraperitoneal) and 134 mg/kg (oral).
Clinical signs included fluid diarrhea; pathological findings were primarily kidney damage (tubular degeneration and necrosis).
Earliest histopathological change was cytoplasmic vacuolation; tubular regeneration was observed by day 7.

Conclusions:

Citrinin exhibits significant oral and intraperitoneal toxicity in rabbits.
The kidney is the primary target organ for citrinin-induced toxicity.
Both acute and repeated exposure to citrinin can cause renal tubular damage and regeneration.