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Related Experiment Videos

Muscle function in children.

C T Davies, M J White, K Young

    European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Muscle strength in children is primarily determined by muscle mass, not age or sex. Force-generating capacity and fatigue resistance of the triceps surae remain consistent from adolescence through early adulthood.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Biomechanics
    • Pediatric Exercise Science

    Background:

    • Understanding the developmental trajectory of muscle contractile properties is crucial for pediatric sports science and rehabilitation.
    • Previous research has established adult baseline data, necessitating comparative studies in pediatric populations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the electrically evoked mechanical and contractile properties of the triceps surae in children and adults.
    • To investigate the influence of age and sex on muscle strength and fatigue in adolescents.

    Main Methods:

    • Electrically evoked mechanical and contractile properties of the triceps surae were measured in 52 children (aged 11 and 14 years).
    • Data were compared with previously published adult data.
    • Muscle strength was assessed via tetanic tensions and maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), standardized for cross-sectional area (CSA).

    Main Results:

    • Twitch properties (time to peak tension, half relaxation time, supramaximal tension) were similar between sexes and independent of age in children.
    • Older children (14 years) exhibited greater absolute strength than younger children, but both groups were weaker than adults.
    • When standardized for calf muscle CSA, strength differences between children and adults disappeared.
    • Force loss during fatigue testing was comparable between children and adults.

    Conclusions:

    • Absolute muscle strength differences in children are primarily attributed to variations in muscle mass.
    • The intrinsic force-generating capacity (per unit CSA), fatiguability, and contraction/relaxation times of the triceps surae remain consistent throughout adolescence and into early adulthood.

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