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Histologic evaluation of temporal bones with cochlear implants.

F H Linthicum, F R Galey

    The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
    |November 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ectopic bone in the cochlea, often linked to otosclerosis or meningitis, can cause deafness in cochlear implant patients. Syphilis is a likely cause of this bone growth, not the implant itself.

    Area of Science:

    • Otolaryngology
    • Neurosurgery
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Ectopic bone in the scala tympani is a common finding in cochlear implant patients.
    • Cochlear otosclerosis and meningitis are the primary causes of this bone formation.
    • Understanding the etiology of ectopic bone is crucial for successful cochlear implantation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cause of ectopic bone in the scala tympani of a patient with a multiple-electrode cochlear implant.
    • To differentiate between disease-related and device-related causes of ectopic bone.
    • To identify the specific sensory elements stimulated by intracochlear electrodes.

    Main Methods:

    • Histopathological examination of the cochlea from a patient with a multiple-electrode implant.

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  • Analysis of the distribution and characteristics of ectopic bone.
  • Correlation of histopathological findings with clinical history.

    • Main Results:

    • Ectopic bone was observed within the scala tympani.
    • The pattern of bone growth suggested a systemic disease etiology, specifically syphilis.
    • The electrode or electrical stimulation was deemed unlikely to be the cause of the ectopic bone.
    • Ganglion cells were identified as the probable sensory elements stimulated by the intracochlear electrodes.

    Conclusions:

    • Syphilis is a probable cause of ectopic bone in the scala tympani in this cochlear implant patient.
    • Ectopic bone formation in cochlear implant recipients is likely due to underlying disease rather than the device or stimulation.
    • Intracochlear electrodes likely stimulate cochlear ganglion cells.