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Persistent anthelmintic effect of ivermectin in cattle.

G E Swan, R G Harvey

    Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
    |December 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ivermectin demonstrated sustained anthelmintic efficacy in cattle against key gastrointestinal nematodes. The drug maintained effectiveness for up to 9 days post-treatment, ensuring significant parasite reduction.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Parasitology
    • Pharmacology
    • Animal Health

    Background:

    • Gastrointestinal nematodes pose a significant threat to cattle health and productivity.
    • Understanding the duration of anthelmintic efficacy is crucial for effective parasite control strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the persistent anthelmintic effect of subcutaneously administered ivermectin in cattle.
    • To determine the duration of efficacy against specific induced gastrointestinal nematode infections.

    Main Methods:

    • Forty-four Friesian bull calves were used in a controlled study.
    • Animals were randomized into one untreated control group and three ivermectin-treated groups (200 mcg/kg SC).
    • Treatment was administered 9, 7, or 5 days prior to induced infections with Haemonchus placei, Ostertagia ostertagi, Cooperia spp., Bunostomum phlebotomum, and Oesophagostomum radiatum.

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    Main Results:

    • Ivermectin showed sustained efficacy, with effects virtually undiminished against O. ostertagi and B. phlebotomum 9 days post-treatment.
    • Efficacy against Cooperia spp. persisted for 7 days post-treatment.
    • Over 99% reduction in worm counts was observed when treatment was given 5 days before infection, with 'A' claims (80% efficacy in 80% of animals) met for all species up to 7 days post-treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Subcutaneous ivermectin at 200 mcg/kg provides a persistent anthelmintic effect in cattle.
    • The drug demonstrates prolonged efficacy against major gastrointestinal nematodes, supporting its use in strategic deworming programs.