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Left ventricular wall motion: its dynamic transmural characteristics.

K J Liu, J M Rubin, M J Potel

    The Journal of Surgical Research
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study reveals that endocardial and epicardial heart wall movements are highly correlated in speed and direction. Epicardial motion can accurately predict endocardial motion, offering clinical insights.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Biomechanical Engineering
    • Medical Imaging Analysis

    Background:

    • Assessing three-dimensional (3D) cardiac wall motion is challenging due to limitations in traditional two-dimensional measurements.
    • Existing methods struggle with internal reference systems and precise point identification, obscuring endocardial and epicardial motion relationships.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To precisely assess and compare endocardial and epicardial wall motion in three dimensions.
    • To determine the correlation between the movements of endocardial and epicardial surfaces.
    • To establish if epicardial motion can be used to infer endocardial motion.

    Main Methods:

    • Implanted metallic markers on endocardial and epicardial surfaces in canine left ventricles.
    • Utilized biplane cineradiography at 50 frames/sec to capture marker movement.

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  • Analyzed 3D marker motion using a specialized computer system within an external 3D coordinate system.

    • Main Results:

    • Endocardial and epicardial marker movements demonstrated high correlations in speed, direction, and displacement (correlation coefficients 0.61–0.96).
    • Periodic movements of both surfaces were consistently in phase.
    • Epicardial speeds and displacements were approximately 70% of endocardial values, with significant correlations for instantaneous and mean values.

    Conclusions:

    • Endocardial and epicardial wall motion are tightly coupled and move in phase.
    • Epicardial motion provides a reliable basis for inferring endocardial motion in clinical settings.
    • This finding has implications for non-invasive cardiac diagnostics and understanding cardiac mechanics.