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Multiple primary breast and thyroid cancer.

E Ron, R Curtis, D A Hoffman

    British Journal of Cancer
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Women diagnosed with breast or thyroid cancer face an elevated risk of developing the other cancer. This risk is particularly high for younger women and certain thyroid cancer subtypes, suggesting shared causes.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Epidemiology
    • Cancer Research

    Background:

    • Multiple primary cancers can arise due to shared genetic predispositions or environmental factors.
    • Understanding the interplay between breast and thyroid cancers is crucial for risk assessment and early detection.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between primary breast cancer and primary thyroid cancer.
    • To evaluate the risk of developing one cancer after a diagnosis of the other.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized data from the Connecticut Tumor Registry spanning 1935-1978.
    • Analyzed records of 1618 women with thyroid cancer and 39,194 women with breast cancer.
    • Calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) to assess cancer risk.

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    Main Results:

    • Significantly elevated risks for breast cancer following thyroid cancer (SIR=1.89) and thyroid cancer following breast cancer (SIR=1.68).
    • The risk was notably higher in women diagnosed before age 40.
    • Follicular or mixed papillary-follicular thyroid cancer patients, especially under 40, showed a 10-fold increased risk for subsequent breast cancer.
    • Increased risk observed throughout the post-treatment period, peaking within the first year.

    Conclusions:

    • Breast and thyroid cancers may share common etiological factors.
    • Younger age at initial diagnosis is a significant risk factor for developing a second primary cancer in either site.
    • Close medical surveillance may contribute to earlier diagnosis of second primary tumors.