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Acute airway changes induced by coughing.

P J Rees, T J Clark

    British Journal of Diseases of the Chest
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Voluntary coughs can temporarily alter airway measurements, often causing bronchodilation after histamine challenge. The deep inhalation component of a cough primarily influences these airway smooth muscle effects.

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    Area of Science:

    • Respiratory physiology
    • Pulmonary medicine
    • Clinical immunology

    Background:

    • Voluntary coughing is a physiological reflex.
    • Its impact on airway dynamics, particularly in conditions like asthma, requires clarification.
    • Understanding cough mechanics is crucial for interpreting pulmonary function tests.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of voluntary coughs on specific airway conductance.
    • To differentiate the effects of cough components (inhalation vs. cough effort) on airway smooth muscle.
    • To assess the influence of coughs on airways resistance measurements before and after bronchoconstriction.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurements of specific airway conductance in normal, atopic, and asthmatic subjects.
    • Administration of histamine to induce bronchoconstriction.
    • Analysis of responses to voluntary coughs, full inhalations, and modified coughs without preceding deep inhalation.
    • Comparison of pre- and post-bronchoconstriction effects.

    Main Results:

    • Voluntary coughs most frequently induced temporary bronchodilation within 30 seconds post-cough during histamine-induced bronchoconstriction.
    • Full inhalations after histamine challenge led to temporary increases in specific conductance.
    • Modified coughs without deep inhalation typically caused a small, temporary decrease in conductance.
    • One atopic subject experienced prolonged airway narrowing after a single full inhalation.

    Conclusions:

    • The primary influence of coughs on airway smooth muscle is attributed to the deep inhalation component.
    • Coughing can transiently affect airways resistance measurements, potentially impacting inhalation challenge study results.
    • While generally not clinically significant, occasional prolonged bronchoconstriction may occur after such maneuvers.

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