Palmar dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Hand Surgery
• Traumatology

Background:

• Palmar dislocations of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint are complex injuries.
• These dislocations often involve disruption of the extensor mechanism, palmar plate, and collateral ligaments.
• This disruption leads to joint instability, malrotation, and boutonnière deformity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review outcomes of patients with palmar PIP joint dislocations.
• To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical versus non-surgical management.
• To identify factors influencing joint recovery and function.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 15 patients with palmar PIP joint dislocations.
• Analysis of treatment methods (surgical vs. closed reduction).
• Assessment of outcomes including joint alignment, stability, comfort, and range of motion.

Main Results:

• All patients had disruption of extensor mechanism, palmar plate, and collateral ligament.
• 12 of 15 patients required surgery due to irreducible dislocations or associated fractures.
• Surgical and non-surgical treatments restored alignment, comfort, and stability, enabling return to full activities.
• Full range of motion was not recovered in any patient.

Conclusions:

• Palmar PIP joint dislocations are severe injuries often requiring surgical intervention.
• Delayed treatment negatively impacts outcomes.
• While function and stability can be restored, a full range of motion is rarely achieved.