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Dementia in elderly outpatients: a prospective study.

E B Larson, B V Reifler, H J Featherstone

    Annals of Internal Medicine
    |March 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study on dementia evaluation found that many patients have treatable conditions. Careful clinical assessment is key to identifying reversible dementia causes and improving patient outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Geriatrics
    • Neurology
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Dementia evaluation in outpatients often focuses on irreversible conditions like Alzheimer's disease.
    • Potentially reversible causes of dementia are frequently overlooked.
    • Coexisting medical and psychiatric conditions can contribute to cognitive decline.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To prospectively evaluate dementia in unselected outpatients.
    • To identify the prevalence and causes of potentially reversible dementia.
    • To assess the impact of treating coexisting conditions on dementia outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective study of 107 unselected outpatients with dementia.
    • Diagnosis based on patient history, physical, and mental status examination.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Identification of reversible dementia causes, including hypothyroidism, drug toxicity, and other treatable diseases.

    • Main Results:

    • 83 patients had irreversible dementia (74 Alzheimer's-type).
    • 15 patients had potentially reversible dementia; hypothyroidism and drug toxicity were common.
    • Almost half had unrecognized treatable medical diseases; 25 patients showed objective improvement after treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Careful clinical observation is crucial for dementia evaluation, potentially reducing the need for extensive testing.
    • Focusing solely on irreversible dementia may impede the recognition of common, treatable causes.
    • Treating coexistent medical and psychiatric diseases can lead to objective improvement in dementia patients.