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Hereditary factors in alcoholism.

D W Goodwin

    Hospital Practice
    |May 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Genetic factors, not upbringing, increase alcoholism risk. Adopted sons of alcoholic parents had higher alcoholism rates, suggesting inherited traits play a significant role in alcohol dependence.

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    Area of Science:

    • Genetics and Environmental Influences on Alcoholism

    Background:

    • Alcoholism presents a significant public health concern with complex etiological factors.
    • Previous research has explored the interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental influences in the development of alcohol use disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors in the inheritance of alcoholism risk.
    • To differentiate the impact of biologic versus adoptive parental alcoholism on offspring alcohol dependence.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized adoption studies comparing alcoholism rates in adopted sons based on the alcoholism status of their biologic and adoptive parents.
    • Analyzed data from studies involving adopted individuals to isolate genetic influences from environmental upbringing.

    Main Results:

    • Adopted sons of alcoholic biologic parents exhibited a higher incidence of alcoholism compared to those with nonalcoholic biologic parents.
    • Being raised by an alcoholic adoptive parent did not significantly increase the risk of alcoholism in the adopted sons.

    Conclusions:

    • Genetic factors inherited from biologic parents are strongly associated with an increased risk of developing alcoholism.
    • Environmental factors related to upbringing by an alcoholic parent appear to have a limited impact on the risk of alcohol dependence.

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