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Flow characteristics of acrylic bone cements
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|March 1, 1984
Summary
This study compared the flow properties and set times of four bone cements. Simplex bone cement exhibited longer set times and varied flow rates with temperature compared to Zimmer Regular, Zimmer LVC, and Sulfix cements.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Polymer Chemistry
Background:
- Bone cements are crucial in orthopedic procedures for implant fixation.
- Understanding the rheological properties and setting kinetics of bone cements is vital for surgical success and patient outcomes.
- Variations in cement composition can significantly impact handling characteristics and performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate and compare the flow properties and setting times of four distinct bone cement formulations: Simplex, Zimmer Regular, Zimmer LVC, and Sulfix.
- To investigate the influence of temperature and pressure on the rheological behavior of these bone cements.
- To determine the impact of these properties on clinical applicability.
Main Methods:
- Rheological measurements of mass flowrates were conducted for each cement type between two and five minutes post-mixing.
- Flow properties were assessed across a temperature range of 18.3 to 23.3 degrees Celsius.
- Setting times were recorded for each cement formulation under the specified temperature conditions.
Main Results:
- Zimmer Regular and Simplex showed similar flowrates at 20.0–23.3°C, but Simplex had double the flowrate at 18.3°C.
- Zimmer LVC exhibited approximately four times the flowrate of Zimmer Regular at 20.0°C.
- Sulfix demonstrated the highest temperature sensitivity in flowrate and was most pressure sensitive.
- Simplex had significantly longer set times (9.4–15.8 minutes) compared to Zimmer, LVC, and Sulfix (7.5–11 minutes).
- Simplex showed the greatest temperature sensitivity in set time, though not in flowrate.
Conclusions:
- Bone cement flow properties and setting times vary significantly between formulations and are influenced by temperature.
- Simplex bone cement presents distinct rheological and setting characteristics compared to Zimmer Regular, Zimmer LVC, and Sulfix.
- These findings are critical for orthopedic surgeons to select appropriate bone cements based on procedural requirements and desired handling properties.