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Gallbladder abnormalities in acute infectious hepatitis. A prospective study.

D P Maudgal, M H Wansbrough-Jones, A E Joseph

    Digestive Diseases and Sciences
    |March 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Acute viral hepatitis causes gallbladder wall thickening and sludge. Gallbladder wall thickness normalized after recovery, indicating a reversible condition in hepatitis patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Diagnostic Imaging

    Background:

    • Acute viral hepatitis is a common liver inflammation.
    • Gallbladder abnormalities can occur during systemic illnesses.
    • Ultrasonography is a key imaging modality for gallbladder assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate gallbladder wall thickness and contents in patients with acute viral hepatitis.
    • To correlate gallbladder findings with clinical and biochemical parameters.
    • To assess changes in gallbladder morphology following recovery from hepatitis.

    Main Methods:

    • Ultrasonography was performed on 31 patients with acute viral hepatitis and 23 controls.
    • Gallbladder wall (GBW) thickness, presence of double wall appearance, and sludge were evaluated.

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  • Measurements were correlated with serum albumin, bilirubin, and transaminase levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean GBW thickness was significantly greater in hepatitis patients (5.16 mm) compared to controls (2.0 mm).
    • 68% of patients exhibited thickened GBW (>3 mm), 16% had double wall appearance, and 23% showed sludge.
    • GBW thickness correlated with serum albumin and bilirubin levels but not transaminases; it normalized post-recovery.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute viral hepatitis is associated with significant gallbladder wall thickening and altered contents.
    • These gallbladder changes are reversible upon resolution of the hepatitis.
    • Ultrasonography is valuable for detecting these transient gallbladder abnormalities in viral hepatitis.