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Related Experiment Videos

Activation of complement by cell surface components of Staphylococcus aureus.

B J Wilkinson, Y Kim, P K Peterson

    Infection and Immunity
    |May 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Staphylococcus aureus cell wall components, particularly those with teichoic acid, effectively activate the human complement system. This activation involves both classical and alternative pathways, with immunoglobulins enhancing the process.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Microbiology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Staphylococcus aureus is a significant human pathogen.
    • The complement system is crucial for innate and adaptive immunity.
    • Bacterial cell surface components can interact with the host immune system.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the complement-activating abilities of various Staphylococcus aureus components.
    • To investigate the roles of different complement pathways and immunoglobulins in activation.

    Main Methods:

    • Incubation of Staphylococcus aureus intact cells, crude cell walls (CCW), purified cell walls (PCW), peptidoglycan (PG), and cell membranes (CM) with normal human serum, C2-deficient serum, and immunoglobulin-deficient serum.
    • Measurement of complement consumption (C3-C9) to assess activation.

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  • Kinetic studies to determine the rate of complement activation.

    • Main Results:

    • Purified cell walls (PCW) were the most potent complement activators on a weight basis, followed by intact cells and CCW; PG was least active.
    • Complement activation via C3-C9 consumption was slower in C2-deficient serum, suggesting involvement of classical and alternative pathways.
    • Immunoglobulins were found to enhance the rate of complement activation by S. aureus components.

    Conclusions:

    • Multiple cell surface components of Staphylococcus aureus can activate the complement system.
    • Teichoic acid present in purified cell walls significantly enhances complement activation.
    • Both classical and alternative complement pathways, along with immunoglobulins, contribute to S. aureus-mediated complement activation.