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The determinants of parenting: a process model.

J Belsky

    Child Development
    |February 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Understanding child maltreatment requires examining parental functioning. Parental psychological resources are most crucial for buffering stress, followed by social support, and then child characteristics.

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Psychology
    • Child Psychology
    • Social Psychology

    Background:

    • Parental functioning is a key aspect of socialization.
    • Research on child maltreatment offers insights into factors influencing parenting.
    • Individual differences in parenting require a comprehensive understanding.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify determinants of individual differences in parental functioning.
    • To propose a process model of competent parental functioning.
    • To examine the interplay between parent psychology, child characteristics, and contextual factors.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of research on the etiology of child maltreatment.
    • Identification of three key domains influencing parental functioning: parent psychological resources, child characteristics, and contextual stress/support.
    Keywords:
    BehaviorChild Abuse--etiologyChild Rearing--determinantsCrimeEconomic FactorsEmployment StatusFamily And HouseholdFamily CharacteristicsFamily RelationshipsInterpersonal Relations--determinantsMarriageOccupationsParentsPersonality DevelopmentPsychological FactorsPsychosocial FactorsResearch ReportSocial ProblemsSocioeconomic FactorsStress

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Development of a process model to explain competent parenting.
  • Main Results:

    • Parental functioning is multiply determined.
    • Contextual stress and support can directly or indirectly impact parenting.
    • Parental psychological resources are the most significant buffer against stress in the parent-child relationship.
    • Contextual support is more effective than child characteristics in mitigating stress.
    • Child characteristics play the least significant role in buffering the parent-child relationship from stress.

    Conclusions:

    • A robust model of parental functioning highlights the primacy of parental psychological resources.
    • Interventions aimed at improving parental functioning should prioritize enhancing parents' internal psychological strengths.
    • Understanding the complex interplay of factors is essential for addressing challenges in parenting and preventing child maltreatment.