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Kidney function in stainless steel welders.

M Littorin, H Welinder, B Hultberg

    International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Manual metal-arc stainless steel welders showed significantly higher chromium levels in urine. Despite elevated chromium, kidney function tests revealed no signs of damage in tubuli or glomeruli.

    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Health
    • Environmental Toxicology
    • Renal Physiology

    Background:

    • Stainless steel welding involves exposure to heavy metals, including chromium.
    • Occupational exposure to chromium has been linked to potential renal toxicity.
    • Understanding the long-term effects of chromium exposure in welders is crucial for workplace safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess chromium levels in urine of manual metal-arc stainless steel welders.
    • To evaluate kidney function in welders with high chromium exposure.
    • To investigate potential renal damage markers (tubular and glomerular) in this occupational group.

    Main Methods:

    • Urine samples were collected from 17 male manual metal-arc stainless steel welders and matched controls.

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  • Urinary chromium levels were measured and compared between welders and controls.
  • Kidney function was assessed using tests for tubuli (beta-hexosaminidase, lysozyme, beta 2-microglobuline) and glomeruli (albumine clearance).

    • Main Results:

    • Welders exhibited substantially higher urinary chromium concentrations compared to controls (medians 23 vs 1.5 mumol/mol creatinine).
    • Despite elevated chromium levels, no significant differences were observed in markers of tubular function.
    • Glomerular function, assessed by albumine clearance, also showed no signs of damage in the exposed welders.

    Conclusions:

    • Manual metal-arc stainless steel welding leads to significant chromium bioaccumulation.
    • Current evidence suggests that this level of occupational chromium exposure does not impair kidney tubuli or glomeruli function.
    • Further long-term studies are warranted to confirm the absence of chronic renal effects.