Synaptic contacts between bipolar and photoreceptor cells in the retina of Callionymus lyra L

A combined light and electron microscopic study of Golgi-impregnated retinas of the marine teleost Callionymus lyra L. revealed mixed bipolar cells (M types) contacting rods and cones and pure cone bipolar cells (C types). Five types of mixed bipolar cells can be differentiated on the basis of their synaptic contacts. Two out of the five mixed bipolar cell types contact double cones, single cones, and rods (mixed, dark, pale, single [Mdps and midget-Mdps]). Their endbuds make narrow cleft junctions, with each type of photoreceptor, and in addition, two endbuds end centrally in the synaptic ribbon complexes of the dark and pale double-cone pedicles. Three types of mixed bipolar cells contact only double cones and rods. The endbuds of one type (mixed, dark, pale, ribbon [Mdpr]) end centrally in the synaptic ribbon complexes of the dark and pale double-cone pedicles as well as of the rod spherules. The endbuds of two types (Mdp and midget-Mdp) make wide cleft junctions in dark and pale double-cone pedicles and in rod spherules. All pure cone bipolar cell types contact cones exclusively with narrow cleft junctions. Four types are seen: a type that contacts predominantly pale double-cone pedicles but also a few dark double-cone pedicles (Cp), a type that is connected with dark and pale double-cone pedicles in about equal numbers (Cdp), a type that makes synaptic contacts with pale double-cone pedicles and single-cone pedicles (Cps), and a type that is connected with both types of double cones and to single-cone pedicles (Cdps). A resemblance between the ultrastructural features of mixed bipolar cell synapses in Callionymus and in Carassius auratus is noted.