Squamous cell carcinoma presenting 10 years after cystectomy for leukoplakia

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Leukoplakia of the bladder is recognized as a significant precancerous lesion.
• Early detection and management are crucial for preventing malignant transformation.

Observation:

• A case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) presenting as an enterourethral fistula is described.
• This occurred 10 years after a cystectomy performed for bladder leukoplakia.

Findings:

• The patient underwent cystectomy for bladder leukoplakia, with preservation of the prostate and posterior urethra to maintain potency.
• Subsequent development of SCC highlights a potential risk even after initial treatment.

Implications:

• For patients with bladder leukoplakia undergoing ablative surgery, a complete cystoprostatectomy is recommended.
• Consideration of urethrectomy should be seriously evaluated to mitigate risks of urethral recurrence or secondary malignancy.