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Contagious ecthyma virus-vaccination failures.

B M Buddle, R W Dellers, G G Schurig

    American Journal of Veterinary Research
    |February 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Vaccination with sheep-passaged or cell culture-passaged contagious ecthyma (CE) virus did not fully protect lambs. Sheep-propagated CE virus vaccines were more effective than cell culture-propagated ones.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Virology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Contagious ecthyma (CE) is a viral skin disease affecting sheep and goats.
    • Vaccination failures in CE control necessitate understanding cross-protection dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the reasons behind contagious ecthyma (CE) virus-vaccination failures.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of sheep-passaged versus cell culture-passaged CE virus vaccines.

    Main Methods:

    • Cross-protection experiments were conducted using lambs vaccinated with different CE virus preparations.
    • Lambs were challenged with virulent sheep-passaged CE virus to assess vaccine efficacy and lesion healing times.

    Main Results:

    • Neither sheep-passaged nor cell culture-passaged CE virus vaccination provided complete protection against homologous challenge.
    • Lesion healing was significantly faster in lambs challenged with sheep-passaged CE virus after initial vaccination with sheep-passaged virus.
    • Cell culture-passaged CE virus vaccines showed reduced efficacy compared to sheep-passaged preparations.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell culture-propagated CE virus vaccines are less effective than sheep-propagated ones.
    • Antigenic differences between vaccine and field strains are unlikely causes of CE vaccination failures.
    • Complete protection against CE, even with homologous strains, was not achieved in this study.

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