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Two subgroups of gender-problem children.

K J Zucker, J K Finegan, R W Doering

    Archives of Sexual Behavior
    |February 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Children meeting DSM-III criteria for gender identity disorder showed more extreme cross-gender behaviors than those who didn't. However, both groups exhibited similar behavioral and emotional disturbances, suggesting nuanced diagnostic considerations for gender-referred youth.

    Area of Science:

    • Child Psychology
    • Psychiatry
    • Developmental Psychology

    Background:

    • Understanding gender identity in children is crucial for accurate diagnosis and support.
    • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) provided criteria for childhood gender identity disorder.
    • Distinguishing between children with and without formal diagnoses is important for clinical practice.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare gender-referred children who met DSM-III criteria for gender identity disorder with those who did not.
    • To examine differences in demographic, gender role, and behavioral disturbance between these two groups.
    • To discuss implications for the diagnosis and assessment of gender-referred children.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of two groups of gender-referred children: those meeting DSM-III criteria (n=21) and those not meeting criteria (n=15).

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  • Data collection through parental questionnaires and behavioral tests.
  • Analysis of demographic, gender role, and behavioral disturbance information.
  • Main Results:

    • Children meeting DSM-III criteria displayed more extreme cross-gender role behavior than non-DSM-III counterparts.
    • No significant differences in behavioral and emotional disturbance were found between the two diagnostic subgroups.
    • Children meeting DSM-III criteria were significantly younger, though age's role in gender differences was unclear.

    Conclusions:

    • Gender-referred children meeting DSM-III criteria exhibit more pronounced gender role behaviors.
    • Behavioral and emotional disturbance levels do not differentiate between children meeting and not meeting DSM-III criteria.
    • Findings suggest a need for careful consideration of age and gender role extremity in the diagnosis and assessment of gender-referred children.