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Platelet cryopreservation. 1. In vitro aggregation studies.

K M Shepherd, R E Sage, S Barber

    Cryobiology
    |February 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cryopreservation of platelets using DMSO resulted in a small loss of aggregation but maintained approximately 90% recovery. Platelet function remained stable during 3 months of liquid nitrogen storage.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Transfusion Medicine
    • Cryobiology

    Background:

    • Platelet preservation is crucial for transfusion medicine.
    • Cryopreservation offers long-term storage but can impact platelet function.
    • Optimizing cryopreservation protocols is essential to minimize platelet loss and damage.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of cryopreservation for human platelets.
    • To assess the impact of cryopreservation on platelet aggregation and recovery.
    • To determine the stability of cryopreserved platelets over a 3-month storage period.

    Main Methods:

    • Platelets from 20 normal volunteers were harvested using a Hemonetics Model-30 cell separator.
    • Cryopreservation was performed using 5% DMSO with controlled-rate freezing (-1°C/min).

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  • Platelets were stored in liquid nitrogen for up to 3 months, with aggregation and recovery assessed post-thaw and during storage.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant loss of platelets occurred during the concentration step due to adhesion.
    • A small, but significant reduction in platelet aggregation was observed post-thaw across all agents (mean 75.4%).
    • Platelet recovery was approximately 90%, with no significant changes in aggregation or recovery over 3 months.

    Conclusions:

    • Cryopreservation using 5% DMSO is a viable method for long-term platelet storage.
    • While some aggregation loss occurs, platelet recovery and function remain largely preserved for up to 3 months.
    • Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) demonstrated no deleterious effect on platelet function in vitro.