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Related Experiment Videos

Words, objects, and actions in early lexical acquisition.

R G Schwartz, L B Leonard

    Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
    |March 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Children aged 12-15 months acquired object words more readily than action words. Early lexical concept acquisition appears to rely on perceptual or functional attributes, not just similarity type.

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    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Psychology
    • Cognitive Science
    • Linguistics

    Background:

    • Children's early word learning involves forming lexical concepts.
    • Understanding how referent type and relationships influence this process is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how referent type (objects vs. actions) and within-category relationships (perceptual vs. functional similarity) affect children's lexical concept acquisition.
    • To explore the basis of early concept formation in infants.

    Main Methods:

    • 16 contrived lexical concepts (nonsense word + 4 referents) were presented to 12 infants (12.5-15.5 months old) over 10 sessions.
    • Referents were either objects or actions, varying in perceptual or functional similarity.

    Main Results:

    • Infants acquired significantly more object concepts than action concepts.
    • No significant difference was found in the acquisition of perceptually similar versus functionally similar concepts.

    Conclusions:

    • Infants may acquire object concepts more easily than action concepts due to differences in complexity or structure.
    • Early lexical concept formation in infants appears to be based on perceptual or functional attributes, irrespective of similarity type.

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