Ankle tenography: a key to unexplained symptomatology. Part I: Normal tenographic anatomy

Fifty cadaver ankles were examined with ankle tenography. The normal tenographic appearance of the peroneus longus and brevis, posterior tibial, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, anterior tibialis, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus tendons and sheaths are described and illustrated for clinical reference. The baseline measurements and demonstration of the normal radiographic appearance of these tendons should assist in the evaluation of hindfoot foot disability and ankle pain.