Ruptured corpus luteum with hemoperitoneum: a study of 173 surgical cases

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Surgical Pathology

Background:

• Ovarian hemorrhage, particularly from corpus luteum cysts, presents a significant surgical emergency.
• This condition affects women throughout their reproductive years and can be life-threatening.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management of ovarian hemorrhage due to corpus luteum rupture.
• To emphasize the importance of timely surgical intervention for hemostasis.

Main Methods:

• Review of clinical cases presenting with ovarian hemorrhage.
• Diagnostic procedures including culdocentesis and hematocrit level assessment.
• Surgical interventions such as cystectomy, luteectomy, or wedge excision for diagnosis and treatment.

Main Results:

• Corpus luteum cysts predispose to rupture, potentially causing significant intra-abdominal bleeding.
• Pregnancy increases rupture risk and is associated with higher rates of abortion and ectopic pregnancy.
• Right ovarian rupture is common and can mimic appendicitis; positive culdocentesis with hematocrit >12% indicates surgical need.

Conclusions:

• Ovarian hemorrhage from corpus luteum rupture requires prompt surgical management for hemostasis.
• Accurate diagnosis is essential, as conditions can be misdiagnosed.
• Surgical excision provides definitive diagnosis and treatment.