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Summary
Sarcoidosis commonly presents as acute arthritis in Lofgren syndrome, often preceding erythema nodosum. Chronic joint issues are rare, typically without bone damage and linked to other organ involvement.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
- Dermatology
Context:
- Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease.
- Joint involvement is a frequent manifestation of sarcoidosis.
- Understanding the spectrum of arthritis in sarcoidosis is crucial for diagnosis and management.
Purpose:
- To delineate the diverse clinical presentations of joint involvement in sarcoidosis.
- To differentiate acute and chronic arthritic forms.
- To discuss rare manifestations like sacroiliitis and spondylodiscitis.
Summary:
- Acute arthritis, characteristic of Lofgren syndrome, is the most common joint manifestation, typically resolving within weeks.
- Arthritis without erythema nodosum is less common and presents variably.
- Chronic sarcoid polyarthritis is rare, usually extra-articular, and non-erosive.
- Pediatric sarcoid polyarthritis can mimic Still's disease.
- Sarcoid sacroiliitis and spondylodiscitis are rare but described entities.
Impact:
- This review aids clinicians in recognizing and managing various joint manifestations of sarcoidosis.
- Distinguishing sarcoid arthritis from other arthropathies improves patient outcomes.
- Highlights the importance of considering sarcoidosis in patients with unexplained arthritis and systemic symptoms.