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Memory disturbance in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis.

S M Rao, T A Hammeke, M P McQuillen

    Archives of Neurology
    |June 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) show significant memory deficits, especially in spatial recall. Subgroup analysis revealed distinct cognitive profiles, with some MS patients experiencing global impairment and others mild memory issues.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Clinical Psychology

    Background:

    • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive neurological disease.
    • Cognitive impairment, particularly memory dysfunction, is a common but variable symptom in MS.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate memory performance in patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS).
    • To identify distinct cognitive profiles within the MS population based on memory assessment.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of 44 MS patients with age- and education-matched controls using clinical and experimental memory measures.
    • Cluster analysis to subdivide the MS sample into distinct performance groups.

    Main Results:

    • MS patients demonstrated significantly lower performance on immediate learning and delayed recall compared to controls.

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  • Spatial information retrieval was particularly impaired in the MS group.
  • Cluster analysis identified three subgroups: one with global cognitive disturbance and personality changes, one with mild memory issues and higher psychotropic medication use/depression, and one with normal memory function.
  • Illness duration and severity did not differentiate these subgroups.

    • Conclusions:

    • Memory impairment, especially spatial recall deficits, is a key feature of chronic progressive MS.
    • MS patients exhibit heterogeneous cognitive profiles, independent of disease duration or severity.
    • These findings highlight the need for tailored cognitive assessments and interventions in MS care.