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Aqueous humor flow during sleep.

G R Reiss, D A Lee, J E Topper

    Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
    |June 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Aqueous humor flow, crucial for eye health, significantly decreases during sleep. This natural reduction, observed in normal subjects, is comparable to the effect of certain glaucoma medications.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Physiology
    • Circadian Rhythms

    Background:

    • Aqueous humor dynamics are vital for maintaining intraocular pressure.
    • Understanding diurnal variations in aqueous humor flow is essential for managing ocular conditions.
    • Previous research suggests potential influences of sleep on ocular physiology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the rate of aqueous humor flow in normal subjects during different states: daytime activity, nighttime sleep, and nighttime sleep deprivation.
    • To compare aqueous humor flow rates across these distinct physiological conditions.
    • To assess the magnitude of flow reduction during sleep and its potential clinical implications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a fluorescein clearance technique to measure aqueous humor flow rate.

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  • Employed the nomographic method of Coakes and Brubaker, ensuring minimal subject disturbance.
  • Measurements were conducted during normal daytime activities, comfortable nighttime sleep, and a controlled sleep deprivation period.

    • Main Results:

    • Aqueous humor flow was consistently lower during sleep in nearly all subjects.
    • Nighttime flow suppression ranged from 8% to 68%, with a mean reduction of 45% +/- 20%.
    • Flow rates were reduced at night even when subjects were awake, with the lowest rates observed during sleep.

    Conclusions:

    • Sleep significantly suppresses aqueous humor flow in normal individuals.
    • The observed reduction in aqueous humor flow during sleep is comparable to the effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and beta-adrenergic blockers.
    • These findings highlight the substantial impact of circadian rhythms and sleep on ocular fluid dynamics.