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Drugs and personality: extraversion-introversion.

J V Spotts, F C Shontz

    Journal of Clinical Psychology
    |March 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Drug use impacts personality, with cocaine and opiate users showing introversion, while amphetamine, barbiturate, and non-users exhibit extraversion. These findings suggest drugs may suppress, rather than induce, extraversion.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Eysenck's theory suggests stimulants induce introversion and depressants extraversion.
    • Common sense posits the opposite relationship between drug types and personality traits.
    • Investigating the influence of chronic substance use on extraversion is crucial for understanding behavioral psychology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the relationship between chronic substance use and extraversion.
    • To test Eysenck's theory and common sense expectations regarding drug-induced personality changes.
    • To determine if specific drug classes (cocaine, amphetamines, opiates, barbiturates) differentially affect extraversion.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the Eysenck Personality Inventory to measure extraversion.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared personality scores of chronic users of cocaine, amphetamines, opiates, and barbiturates/sedative-hypnotics.
  • Included a control group of non-users matched for relevant characteristics.

    • Main Results:

    • Cocaine and opiate users scored higher on introversion.
    • Amphetamine users, barbiturate users, and non-users scored higher on extraversion.
    • Findings partially supported neither Eysenck's theory nor common sense expectations.

    Conclusions:

    • Drug use appears to suppress, rather than induce, extraversion.
    • The observed personality differences may reflect pre-existing traits or drug-induced suppression.
    • Further research with multiple extraversion measures confirmed the suppression hypothesis.