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Erythema multiforme: clinical, histopathologic, and immunologic study.

W W Howland, L E Golitz, W L Weston

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

|March 1, 1984

Summary

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Erythema multiforme often follows herpes simplex virus (HSV) or sulfonamide drug exposure. While clinical and histologic features differ, both herpes-associated erythema multiforme (HEM) and sulfa-associated erythema multiforme (SEM) share similar immunofluorescence findings.

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Immunology
Pathology

Background:

Erythema multiforme is an acute mucocutaneous condition.
Triggers include infections and medications.
Distinguishing subtypes like herpes-associated (HEM) and sulfa-associated (SEM) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the clinical and histopathological features of HEM and SEM.
To investigate the immunofluorescence findings in these conditions.

Main Methods:

Prospective study of 42 erythema multiforme cases.
Clinical assessment and histopathological examination.
Direct immunofluorescence microscopy.

Main Results:

33 cases (79%) were HEM, typically recurrent erythema multiforme minor.

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4 cases (10%) were SEM, presenting as nonrecurrent, widespread damage.

Both HEM and SEM showed similar C3/fibrin deposition at the dermoepidermal junction and around dermal vessels.

Conclusions:

HEM and SEM exhibit distinct clinical and histologic characteristics.
Despite differences, significant overlap exists in tissue damage patterns.
Immunofluorescence findings are comparable between HEM and SEM.