Leukemic infiltration of the testes in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia

Two children with ANLL in complete remission developed testicular relapse 18 and 34 months after diagnosis. Their clinical presentation was similar to that observed in patients with ALL. Although the testicular leukemia responded to between 2,400 and 3,000 rads, bone marrow relapse occurred within 4 months and death within 6 months of the testicular relapse. This points out the need for surveillance of the testicles in males with ANLL, and raises the question of need for testicular biopsy among long-time male survivors.