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Lung fluid balance in hypoxic lambs.

T N Hansen, C M Haberkern, T A Hazinski

    Pediatric Research
    |May 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Alveolar hypoxia in newborn lambs increases pulmonary arterial pressure and lung lymph flow, while decreasing lymph protein concentration. This response is due to hypoxia itself, not breathing pattern changes.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Physiology
    • Neonatal Research
    • Respiratory Medicine

    Background:

    • Alveolar hypoxia in newborns is known to increase lung microvascular pressure.
    • This increase in pressure leads to higher lung lymph flow and lower lymph protein concentration.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine if hypoxia-induced changes in lung microvascular pressure and lymph characteristics are caused by hypoxia itself or by altered breathing patterns.
    • To assess the effects of sustained hypoxia and carbon dioxide on lung microvascular permeability to protein in newborn lambs.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurements of lung vascular pressures, pleural pressure, cardiac output, and lung lymph flow in anesthetized, mechanically ventilated lambs breathing air versus hypoxic gas mixtures.
    • Intravenous injection of radioactive albumin and measurement of its uptake in lymph in unanesthetized lambs during sustained hypoxia and hypercapnia.

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    Main Results:

    • Mechanical ventilation with hypoxia increased pulmonary arterial pressure and lung lymph flow, while decreasing lymph protein concentration.
    • Sustained hypoxia in unanesthetized lambs also elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and lung lymph flow, with a concurrent decrease in lymph protein concentration.
    • Radioactive albumin uptake data suggested that sustained hypoxia may alter lung microvascular permeability to protein.

    Conclusions:

    • The observed increase in lung lymph flow during alveolar hypoxia in newborn lambs is primarily a direct response to hypoxia, independent of changes in breathing pattern.
    • Hypoxia appears to increase lung microvascular pressure and potentially alter microvascular permeability, leading to increased fluid filtration and lymph flow.