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Alloimmunization induces an autoantibody reactive with a common, cryptic antigen.

Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)

|July 1, 1984

Summary

Mice alloimmunized with DBA/2 cells unexpectedly produced autoantibodies against a cryptic mouse antigen (Mo 1). This finding reveals a new aspect of the immune response, involving autoantibodies against self-antigens.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Autoimmunity
Transplantation Immunology

Background:

Alloimmunization is a standard method to generate antibodies against foreign cell surface antigens.
Classical alloimmunization protocols involve repeated injections of foreign cells to elicit a strong immune response.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the immune response following alloimmunization in mice.
To characterize the unexpected cytotoxic activity observed in antisera against alloantigens.

Main Methods:

C57BL/6 mice were alloimmunized with DBA/2 spleen and liver cells.
Generated antisera were tested for cytotoxicity against both untreated and VCN-treated DBA/2 and C57BL/6 spleen cells.

Main Results:

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Hyperimmune antisera were cytotoxic to DBA/2 cells, as expected.

Unexpectedly, the antisera also showed cytotoxicity against neuraminidase-treated C57BL/6 cells.

This cross-reactivity was mediated by IgM antibodies and could be induced by a single immunization.

Conclusions:

Classical alloimmunization can elicit autoantibodies against a cryptic murine antigen, designated Mo 1.
This study reveals a novel feature of the immune response involving autoantibody production against self-antigens.
The findings have implications for understanding immune responses in transplantation and autoimmunity.