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Cardiopulmonary function in sarcoidosis.

M Thunell, P Bjerle, B O Olofsson

    Acta Medica Scandinavica
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cardiac sarcoidosis is common in patients with cardiac symptoms and abnormal ECGs. Hemodynamic abnormalities suggest heart dysfunction beyond lung impairment, indicating potential myocardial involvement.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Pulmonology
    • Rheumatology

    Background:

    • Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease.
    • Cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis can lead to significant morbidity and mortality.
    • Early detection of cardiac sarcoidosis is crucial for timely intervention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate hemodynamic and angiocardiographic findings in patients with established sarcoidosis.
    • To assess the relationship between cardiac dysfunction and pulmonary function in sarcoidosis.
    • To explore the potential for myocardial sarcoidosis as a cause of cardiac symptoms.

    Main Methods:

    • Evaluated 10 patients with confirmed sarcoidosis, cardiac symptoms, and/or abnormal ECGs.
    • Performed right and left heart catheterization, angiocardiography, spirometry, and diffusion capacity tests.

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  • Analyzed hemodynamic parameters, ventricular function, and pulmonary function.

    • Main Results:

    • Pulmonary hypertension was observed in 90% of patients (2/2 with stage III, 7/8 with stages I and II).
    • Elevated right ventricular end-diastolic pressure occurred in 60% of patients.
    • Left ventricular dysfunction was indicated in 70% of patients, with low ejection fraction in 60% and no wall asynergy.
    • All patients exhibited abnormal hemodynamic findings, suggesting cardiac involvement beyond pulmonary dysfunction.

    Conclusions:

    • Cardiac dysfunction is prevalent in sarcoidosis patients presenting with cardiac symptoms or ECG abnormalities.
    • Hemodynamic abnormalities are not solely attributable to pulmonary impairment, suggesting direct myocardial involvement.
    • Myocardial sarcoidosis is a likely contributor to cardiac dysfunction in these patients, necessitating further investigation.