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Smoking and diabetic nephropathy.

G Nordén, G Nyberg

    Acta Medica Scandinavica
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and diabetic nephropathy smoked significantly more than those without kidney disease. This highlights smoking as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy progression.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Endocrinology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Diabetic nephropathy is a major complication of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM).
    • Smoking is a known risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease.
    • The specific impact of smoking on diabetic nephropathy requires further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between smoking habits and the presence of diabetic nephropathy in patients with IDDM.
    • To compare smoking history in IDDM patients with and without diabetic nephropathy.

    Main Methods:

    • A case-control study involving 47 IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy and 47 matched IDDM controls without nephropathy.
    • Smoking habits were assessed through interviews, quantifying total smoking history as a smoking index.

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  • Nephropathy was defined by proteinuria and decreased glomerular filtration.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with diabetic nephropathy had a significantly higher smoking index compared to controls.
    • The nephropathy group had more current and heavy smokers, and fewer never-smokers.
    • Proteinuria and reduced glomerular filtration were present in the nephropathy group.

    Conclusions:

    • Smoking is significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients.
    • Increased smoking may contribute to the development or progression of diabetic renal microangiopathy.
    • Potential mechanisms include effects on platelet aggregation, hypoxia, and catecholamine release.