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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Isolated Hepatic Perfusion as a Treatment for Liver Metastases of Uveal Melanoma
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Intraperitoneal chemotherapy with melphalan.

S B Howell, C E Pfeifle, R A Olshen

    Annals of Internal Medicine
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Intraperitoneal melphalan administration shows reduced toxicity and enhanced drug concentration in the peritoneal cavity. This route offers a strong rationale for treating peritoneal tumors, improving drug delivery compared to oral or intravenous methods.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Pharmacology
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Melphalan is a chemotherapy agent used in cancer treatment.
    • Intraperitoneal (IP) drug administration is an alternative delivery method to systemic routes.
    • Understanding the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of IP melphalan is crucial for optimizing cancer therapy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the toxicity and pharmacokinetics of melphalan administered via the intraperitoneal route.
    • To compare the efficacy and safety of IP melphalan with traditional administration routes (oral, intravenous).
    • To evaluate the potential of IP melphalan for treating tumors confined to the peritoneal cavity.

    Main Methods:

    • Melphalan was administered intraperitoneally with 2 liters of fluid, dwelling for 4 hours.

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    Percutaneous Hepatic Perfusion (PHP) with Melphalan as a Treatment for Unresectable Metastases Confined to the Liver
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  • Toxicity was assessed through clinical, laboratory, and histologic examinations.
  • Pharmacokinetic parameters, including peak peritoneal and plasma concentrations and total drug exposure, were measured.
  • Tumor response was evaluated in patients with ovarian carcinoma and gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas.

    • Main Results:

    • No local toxicity was detected following intraperitoneal melphalan administration.
    • The intraperitoneal route allowed for approximately a threefold increase in melphalan dosage compared to intravenous administration before dose-limiting myelosuppression occurred.
    • Peak peritoneal melphalan concentration was 93-fold higher, and total peritoneal drug exposure was 63-fold higher than in plasma.
    • Tumor regressions were observed in patients with ovarian carcinoma and gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas.

    Conclusions:

    • Intraperitoneal melphalan demonstrates favorable pharmacokinetics and tolerability for treating peritoneal surface malignancies.
    • Higher drug concentrations and exposure in the peritoneal cavity suggest improved local efficacy.
    • This route provides a strong rationale for melphalan administration in tumors confined to the peritoneal cavity, outperforming oral or intravenous routes.