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Norms for hand grip strength.

D G Newman, J Pearn, A Barnes

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |May 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study establishes hand grip strength norms for children aged 5-18. Boys exhibit greater strength and a more consistent increase than girls, with differences widening by age 18.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Medicine
    • Human Physiology
    • Biometrics

    Background:

    • Establishing normative data for physical parameters in children is crucial for assessing growth and development.
    • Hand grip strength is a key indicator of overall physical capacity and can be affected by various factors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present sex- and age-specific centiles for hand grip strength in healthy children aged 5 to 18 years.
    • To provide reference data for clinical use in identifying potential neurological and muscular disorders.

    Main Methods:

    • A portable strain gauge dynamometer was used to measure hand grip strength in 1417 healthy urban school children.
    • Four grip strength tests were performed per child (two with each hand), recording both mean maximum and mean peak grip strength.

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    Main Results:

    • Boys demonstrated consistently higher grip strength than girls across all age groups, with a 60% difference by age 18.
    • Boys showed a linear increase in grip strength throughout adolescence, while girls' strength plateaued after age 13.
    • Peak grip strength was 10-15% higher than average maximum grip strength.
    • Handedness influenced grip strength, particularly in children over 10 years old.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides valuable normative data for pediatric hand grip strength.
    • These centiles can aid in the early detection of neuromuscular conditions and in monitoring disease progression.
    • Sex and age are significant determinants of hand grip strength in children and adolescents.