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Related Experiment Videos

Predictability and coping with separation in infant squirrel monkeys.

T C Jordan, C L Coe, J Patterson

    Behavioral Neuroscience
    |June 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Predictable mother-infant separations caused more stress behaviors in infant squirrel monkeys than unpredictable ones. Cortisol levels remained high in both groups, indicating significant stress from separation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Primate behavior
    • Stress and cortisol response
    • Developmental psychology

    Background:

    • Maternal separation is a significant stressor for infant primates.
    • The predictability of separation may influence the stress response.
    • Cortisol levels are a key biomarker for physiological stress.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of predictable versus unpredictable maternal separations on infant squirrel monkeys.
    • To compare behavioral and physiological stress responses between fixed interval (FI) and variable interval (VI) separation groups.
    • To assess cortisol levels throughout repeated separation events.

    Main Methods:

    • Twelve infant squirrel monkeys underwent 20 maternal separations.
    • Two groups: fixed interval (FI, 30 min) and variable interval (VI, avg. 30 min).

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  • Recorded movement and vocalizations; measured blood cortisol post-separation.

    • Main Results:

    • The FI group exhibited significantly higher movement and vocalization levels than the VI group.
    • Both groups showed elevated cortisol levels compared to baseline, persisting throughout the study.
    • Cortisol remained elevated across all measured separations in both FI and VI groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Predictable maternal separations may induce greater behavioral stress than unpredictable ones in infant primates.
    • The inability to control the predicted event likely contributes to heightened stress.
    • Cortisol elevation indicates a sustained physiological stress response regardless of predictability.