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Cefonicid kinetics in subjects with normal and impaired renal function
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|June 1, 1984
Summary
Cefonicid, a cephalosporin antibiotic, shows significantly prolonged elimination half-life in patients with impaired kidney function. Dosage adjustments are crucial for safe and effective use in renal impairment.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacokinetics
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Cefonicid is a cephalosporin antibiotic with a longer half-life than existing options.
- Understanding its pharmacokinetic profile in renal impairment is essential for dose optimization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the pharmacokinetics of cefonicid in subjects with varying degrees of renal function.
- To establish dosing guidelines for cefonicid in patients with renal impairment.
Main Methods:
- Intravenous administration of cefonicid (7.5 mg/kg) to four groups based on creatinine clearance (Clcr).
- Measurement of cefonicid plasma concentrations, volume of distribution, and clearance.
- Calculation of elimination half-life (t1/2) and hemodialysis clearance.
Main Results:
- Cefonicid elimination t1/2 increased significantly with decreasing Clcr, from 4.6 hours in normal function to 65.3 hours in end-stage renal disease.
- Plasma cefonicid clearance strongly correlated with Clcr; nonrenal clearance remained constant.
- Hemodialysis clearance was determined to be 2.5 ml/min.
Conclusions:
- Renal function is the primary determinant of cefonicid elimination.
- The pharmacokinetic data support the development of adjusted cefonicid dosage regimens for patients with renal impairment.