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Brain trace element concentrations in aging.

W R Markesbery, W D Ehmann, M Alauddin

    Neurobiology of Aging
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human brain trace element levels change significantly with age. Essential elements show regulation, while others may accumulate from environmental factors.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biochemistry
    • Environmental Health

    Background:

    • Trace elements are crucial for brain function.
    • Understanding age-related changes in brain element concentrations is vital for health research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how trace element concentrations in human brain regions change across the entire lifespan.
    • To identify age-dependent patterns and potential regulatory mechanisms.

    Main Methods:

    • Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) was used.
    • Concentrations of multiple trace elements were measured in various brain regions.
    • Data was analyzed across different age groups, from infants to the elderly.

    Main Results:

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    • Significant age-related alterations in brain trace element concentrations were observed.
    • Aluminum (Al), Chlorine (Cl), and Sodium (Na) increased with age.
    • Potassium (K), Phosphorus (P), and Rubidium (Rb) decreased with age.
    • Silver (Ag), Cobalt (Co), Iron (Fe), Antimony (Sb), and Scandium (Sc) peaked in middle age before declining.
    • Bromine (Br), Selenium (Se), and Zinc (Zn) remained stable in adults.
    • Infant brains showed distinct patterns compared to adults, with higher Br and Cl, and lower Al, Chromium (Cr), Cesium (Cs), Fe, Manganese (Mn), P, Rb, Sc, Se, and Zn.

    Conclusions:

    • Essential trace elements appear to be regulated by homeostatic mechanisms in the adult brain.
    • Age-related changes suggest modifications in regulatory processes or element interactions.
    • Increased levels of non-essential elements may indicate environmental accumulation or impaired clearance.