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Independent developmental programs for two estrogen-regulated genes.

A Elbrecht, C B Lazier, A A Protter

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |August 10, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Chicken embryonic development reveals distinct timing for estrogen responsiveness in apolipoprotein II and vitellogenin II gene expression. These key genes, crucial for adult function, may follow independent developmental pathways.

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    Area of Science:

    • Molecular biology
    • Developmental biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Estrogen is a key regulator of gene expression in vertebrates.
    • Apolipoprotein II and vitellogenin II are estrogen-responsive genes involved in lipid transport and yolk formation, respectively.
    • Understanding the developmental regulation of these genes provides insights into cellular differentiation and hormonal control.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the developmental acquisition of estrogen responsiveness for apolipoprotein II and vitellogenin II genes during chicken embryogenesis.
    • To determine if these two coordinately regulated adult genes are regulated by independent developmental programs.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of hepatic apolipoprotein II and vitellogenin II messenger RNA levels during chicken embryogenesis.

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  • Utilized sensitive solution hybridization assays with excess complementary DNA to quantify gene transcripts.

    • Main Results:

    • Apolipoprotein II transcripts showed estrogen induction by day 9 of embryogenesis.
    • Vitellogenin II messenger RNA induction was observed later, not until day 11.
    • This indicates differential timing in the acquisition of estrogen responsiveness.

    Conclusions:

    • Hepatic apolipoprotein II and vitellogenin II genes acquire estrogen responsiveness at distinct developmental stages in chickens.
    • Despite shared function and coordinate regulation in adults, these genes may be controlled by independent developmental programs during embryogenesis.