Local ocular hypotensive effect of topically applied acetazolamide

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Oral acetazolamide is effective for glaucoma but limited by systemic side effects.
• Topical acetazolamide was previously considered ineffective for reducing intraocular pressure.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy of topical acetazolamide in managing intraocular pressure.
• To evaluate the local ocular effects of topical acetazolamide.

Main Methods:

• Utilized water-loading tests in pigmented rabbits to assess intraocular pressure changes.
• Measured plasma acetazolamide levels to correlate with topical application effects.
• Investigated the combined effect of topical and systemic acetazolamide.

Main Results:

• Topical acetazolamide reduced the intraocular pressure increase post-water-loading in rabbits.
• Low plasma acetazolamide levels were observed with topical application.
• 10% topical acetazolamide enhanced the ocular hypotensive effects of systemic acetazolamide.

Conclusions:

• Topical acetazolamide demonstrates a local ocular effect on intraocular pressure.
• This suggests a potential alternative route for glaucoma treatment with reduced systemic exposure.