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High dose naloxone in depression.

M R Cohen, R M Cohen, D Pickar

    Biological Psychiatry
    |June 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Naloxone, an opioid antagonist, worsened depression symptoms in patients compared to a placebo. Healthy individuals showed minimal changes, suggesting depressives may have a stronger response to naloxone.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Depression is a complex mood disorder with various potential underlying mechanisms.
    • Opioid receptor systems have been implicated in mood regulation and emotional processing.
    • Naloxone, a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist, offers a tool to probe opioid system involvement in psychiatric conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the behavioral and subjective effects of naloxone in patients with depression.
    • To compare the response to naloxone in depressed individuals versus healthy controls.
    • To explore the potential role of the opioid system in the pathophysiology of depression.

    Main Methods:

    • A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted.
    • Participants included 6 inpatient depressives and 8 healthy normals.

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  • A 2 mg/kg intravenous bolus infusion of naloxone or placebo was administered.

    • Main Results:

    • Naloxone significantly worsened both rated signs and subjective symptoms of depression in patients.
    • Healthy individuals exhibited minor changes in depression scores (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, BPRS) with no significant alteration in subjective scales.
    • Depressed patients reported a more intense and marked subjective response to naloxone compared to controls.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest that individuals with depression exhibit a heightened sensitivity to the effects of naloxone.
    • This preliminary evidence supports a potential link between opioid system dysregulation and the pathogenesis of depression.
    • Further research is warranted to validate these findings and elucidate the precise relationship between naloxone response and depression.