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Related Experiment Videos

Temporomandibular joint repositioning and exercise performance: a double-blind study.

W D McArdle, L B Goldstein, F C Last

    Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
    |June 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) repositioning with a bite splint did not significantly improve exercise performance or physiologic measures in individuals with TMJ malalignment. Previous positive findings may stem from research design flaws, not true splint effects.

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    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Biomechanics
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) malalignment is a condition affecting jaw position.
    • Previous studies suggested TMJ repositioning via bite splints could enhance physical performance.
    • Concerns existed regarding the methodological rigor of prior research in this field.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of TMJ repositioning using an acrylic appliance on physiological and performance metrics.
    • To address design limitations in previous studies through a double-blind approach.
    • To determine if optimized jaw position influences exercise capacity.

    Main Methods:

    • A double-blind study involving 11 volunteers (7 male, 4 female) with diagnosed TMJ malalignment.

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  • Four experimental conditions: normal, placebo splint, optimized jaw position splint, and magnified malocclusion splint.
  • Measurements included reaction time, muscular strength, oxygen uptake, perceived exertion, and anaerobic power output during cycle ergometry.

    • Main Results:

    • No statistically significant differences were observed in any physiologic or performance measures between TMJ repositioning, placebo, and normal conditions.
    • These results held true for the entire group and for subjects with the most severe TMJ dysfunction.
    • The findings indicate that short-term TMJ repositioning does not demonstrably enhance exercise performance.

    Conclusions:

    • The purported benefits of short-term TMJ repositioning on exercise performance may be attributed to research design flaws rather than genuine physiological effects.
    • This study challenges previous conclusions regarding the efficacy of bite splints for improving athletic capabilities.
    • Further rigorous research is needed to validate any potential therapeutic effects of TMJ interventions on physical performance.