Carbon dioxide in water- and air-breathers

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 21, 2026

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
07:52

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department

Published on: January 29, 2011

P Dejours

    Respiration Physiology
    |April 1, 1978
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Fast and Accurate Exhaled Breath Ammonia Measurement06:27

    Fast and Accurate Exhaled Breath Ammonia Measurement

    Published on: June 11, 2014

    Breath Collection from Children for Disease Biomarker Discovery06:09

    Breath Collection from Children for Disease Biomarker Discovery

    Published on: February 14, 2019

    Related Concept Videos

    Gas Exchange and Transport01:20

    Gas Exchange and Transport

    Gas exchange, the intake of molecular oxygen (O2) from the environment and the outflow of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the environment, is necessary for cellular function. Gas exchange during respiration occurs largely via the movement of gas molecules along pressure gradients. Gas travels from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure. In mammals, gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, which are adjacent to capillaries and share a membrane with them.
    Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

    Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

    Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
    The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
    Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this principle...
    Respiration and Gaseous Exchange01:20

    Respiration and Gaseous Exchange

    The intricate interplay between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is crucial for efficiently transporting respiratory gases throughout the body. Let us explore the cardiovascular system's multifaceted functions, emphasizing its pivotal role in gas exchange.
    Respiration involves the exchange of gases, especially oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), between the alveoli and body cells, a process facilitated by blood circulation. As a result, the cardiovascular system, which involves the...
    Carbon Dioxide Transport in the Blood01:19

    Carbon Dioxide Transport in the Blood

    Carbon dioxide (CO2) transport in the blood is critical to human physiology. On average, our body cells produce around 200 mL of CO2 per minute, precisely the quantity expelled by the lungs. This process involves the transportation of CO2 from the tissue cells to the lungs in three primary forms.
    Forms of CO2 Transport
    1. Dissolved in plasma: A small percentage (7-10%) of CO2 is transported and dissolved directly in the plasma.
    2. Carbaminohemoglobin: Just over 20% of CO2 is chemically bound to...
    Chemical Factors Affecting Respiration Centers01:31

    Chemical Factors Affecting Respiration Centers

    Chemical factors such as changing CO2, O2, and H+ levels in arterial blood play a critical role in influencing respiration depth and rates. These variations are detected by chemoreceptors—specialized sensors located in two primary body areas. Central chemoreceptors are found throughout the brain stem, including the ventrolateral medulla, while peripheral chemoreceptors are located in the aortic arch and carotid arteries.
    CO2 has a potent influence on respiration and is strictly regulated. Under...
    Other Factors Affecting Respiration Centers01:17

    Other Factors Affecting Respiration Centers

    Breathing is primarily an involuntary activity regulated by the brainstem respiratory centers. However, it can also be consciously controlled, allowing us to hold our breath or take deeper breaths when needed. This voluntary control is facilitated by the cerebral motor cortex, which bypasses the medullary centers to stimulate the respiratory muscles directly.
    However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical level,...