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Anesthesia for cesarean section in large animals.

C J McGrath

    Modern Veterinary Practice
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Anesthetic protocols for pregnant animals require careful consideration due to physiological changes and drug transfer to the fetus. Combining small anesthetic doses is recommended for safe maternal and fetal outcomes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Anesthesiology
    • Perinatal Physiology

    Background:

    • Late pregnancy alters respiratory and cardiovascular parameters, affecting anesthetic drug pharmacokinetics.
    • General anesthetics readily cross the placenta and can persist in fetuses, posing risks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review anesthetic considerations for pregnant animals, focusing on species-specific protocols.
    • To highlight potential risks and recommended drug combinations for cesarean sections and other procedures.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of anesthetic agents and techniques used in pregnant sows, small ruminants, cows, and mares.
    • Analysis of physiological changes during late pregnancy impacting anesthetic drug behavior.
    • Evaluation of drug safety profiles for both dam and fetus.

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    Main Results:

    • Small doses of combined anesthetics are advised for pregnant animals.
    • Specific drug combinations are effective for cesarean sections in sows (glycopyrrolate, fentanyl-droperidol) and mares (xylazine, guaifenesin, ketamine).
    • Caution is advised regarding high doses of xylazine and potential lidocaine toxicity.

    Conclusions:

    • Tailored anesthetic protocols are crucial for pregnant animals, considering species and procedure.
    • Minimizing anesthetic exposure to the fetus is paramount.
    • Careful drug selection and dosage are essential to ensure maternal and fetal safety.