[Salmonella dublin enteric fever in two compromised hosts].

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Immunology

Background:

• Salmonella (S) dublin is an uncommon cause of human enteric fever.
• Immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk for severe infections.

Observation:

• Two patients with compromised immune systems (one with leukemia, one with chronic lymphocytic leukemia) experienced recurrent Salmonella dublin enteric fever.
• The Salmonella dublin strains were resistant to chloramphenicol and ampicillin but sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Findings:

• Despite antibiotic treatment and negative stool cultures, one patient relapsed with enteric fever during each leukemia relapse.
• The second patient developed fatal Salmonella dublin septicemia after discontinuing 3 months of prophylactic antibiotics.

Implications:

• Prophylactic antibiotic treatment is suggested for immunocompromised patients with Salmonella dublin infection to prevent recurrent episodes and potentially fatal septicemia.
• This highlights the importance of sustained antimicrobial therapy in managing invasive Salmonella infections in vulnerable populations.