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Haematological alterations in acute malaria.

Y K Kueh, K L Yeo

    Scandinavian Journal of Haematology
    |August 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study on Plasmodium and falciparum malaria found that most patients had atypical lymphocytes, low platelets (thrombocytopenia), and anemia. Bleeding occurred in some cases without signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Tropical Medicine

    Background:

    • Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, is a significant global health concern.
    • Falciparum malaria is known for its potential severity and diverse clinical manifestations.
    • Hematological abnormalities are frequently observed in malaria patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence of specific hematological findings in patients with Plasmodium or falciparum malaria.
    • To document the occurrence of atypical lymphocytes, thrombocytopenia, and anemia in this patient cohort.
    • To assess the incidence of bleeding complications and their association with laboratory findings.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of peripheral blood films from 30 patients diagnosed with Plasmodium or falciparum malaria.
    • Evaluation of platelet counts to identify thrombocytopenia.
    • Assessment of hemoglobin levels for anemia.
    • Clinical review for bleeding events and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

    Main Results:

    • Atypical lymphocytes were present in 97% (29/30) of patients.
    • Thrombocytopenia was observed in 80% (24/30) of patients.
    • Mild to moderate anemia was present in 57% (17/30) of patients.
    • Bleeding occurred in 2 patients, with no confirmed evidence of DIC.

    Conclusions:

    • Plasmodium and falciparum malaria frequently present with hematological abnormalities, including atypical lymphocytes, thrombocytopenia, and anemia.
    • Bleeding complications can occur in malaria patients, necessitating careful clinical monitoring.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms behind bleeding in the absence of DIC.

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