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[Gynogenesis in vertebrates].

D Chourrout

    Reproduction, Nutrition, Developpement
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Gynogenesis, a form of asexual reproduction, can be induced in bisexual species through various methods. This technique offers potential for genetic improvement and reproductive control in commercial fish populations.

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    Production of viable hybrids in salmonids by triploidization.

    Genetique, selection, evolution·2012

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Biology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Genetics

    Context:

    • Gynogenesis involves the development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg, typically requiring the activation by a sperm, but without the incorporation of the sperm's genetic material.
    • Naturally occurring unisexual species are known, but inducing gynogenesis in bisexual species presents unique challenges and opportunities.

    Purpose:

    • To review and synthesize methods for inducing gynogenesis in bisexual species.
    • To explore techniques for increasing male genome extrusion and achieving diploid gynogenesis.
    • To discuss the potential applications and limitations of gynogenesis in amphibians and commercial fish.

    Summary:

    • Methods for inducing gynogenesis include increasing male genome extrusion via interspecific mating or cold-shocking, and mutagenic treatment of sperm (gamma, X, UV irradiation, chemicals) for haploid gynogenesis.
    • Diploid gynogenesis is achieved by retaining the second polar body or suppressing the first cleavage using heat, pressure, or antimitotic chemicals, leading to high inbreeding and altered sex ratios.
    • While objectives for gynogenesis induction in amphibians were often unmet, it holds future promise for genetic improvement and reproductive control in commercial fish.

    Impact:

    • Gynogenesis can lead to high levels of inbreeding and unique sex ratios in offspring.
    • The study highlights the potential of gynogenesis to address challenges in genetic improvement and reproduction management in aquaculture.
    • Understanding and refining gynogenesis techniques can contribute to advancements in selective breeding and conservation programs for fish species.

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